This research first seeks to gain an understanding of TOD attributes that encourage economic development at HSR station areas, with a focus on mid-sized cities located between two or more large metropolitan areas. Then, this research aims to apply the information gathered to two midsized California cities with planned HSR stations – Fresno and Bakersfield – by assessing how effectively those cities are planning for TOD in areas around their planned HSR stations. Finally, this research aims to produce a set of recommendations for policymakers in Fresno and Bakersfield to assist them in planning for TOD around HSR stations that maximizes economic development.